Interestingly, many of these transcription factors and DBS present in the TSLP promoter region are differentially used in intestinal epithelial cell(s) (IEC).

Furthermore, we identified several functional NF-κB, activator protein 1 (AP1), STAT, and Smad DBS in the TSLP promoter region. Treatments with either an agonistic VD3 analog or RA dissociate the repressing complexes and recruit coactivator complexes and RNA polymerase II, thereby inducing transcription. We demonstrate here that in epidermal keratinocytes, unliganded heterodimers of vitamin D receptor (VDR)/RXR-α and retinoic acid receptor-γ (RAR-γ)/RXR-β are bound as repressing complexes to their cognate DNA-binding sequence(s) (DBS) in the TSLP promoter regulatory region. We previously reported that selective ablation of the nuclear receptors retinoid X receptor (RXR)-α and RXR-β in mouse epidermal keratinocytes (RXR-αβ ep−/−) or a topical application of active vitamin D3 (VD3) and/or all-trans retinoic acid (RA) on wild-type mouse skin induces a human atopic dermatitis-like phenotype that is triggered by an increased expression of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) proinflammatory cytokine.

Oh inverted world shins rar file